In India, farming plays an important role in everyone’s life. Directly or indirectly, farming affects people’s life. Farming is also an important part of India’s economy. It includes growing crops, vegetables, fruits, etc. 

Farming mainly depends on the weather, geographical condition, product demand, technology, and labor. 

Types of Farming

There are two types of farming. 

 

  • Subsistence Farming 

 

Subsistence farming is mainly known as family farming because it meets the needs of farmer’s families. This type of farming requires household labor and a low level of technology. The output of this farming is less. They do not use varieties of old seeds and fertilizer of high yielding. Most farmers practice subsistence farming. Facilities like irrigation and electricity are not for them. This type of farming is done manually. Subsistence farming used traditional methods. They do not require any tractor or implements. 

Subsistence farming are two types:-

 

  • Intensive subsistence Farming

 

The intensive means hard work, so as usual, this farming requires more labor. It includes small land, small and low-cost tools, and more labor. This cultivated climate with sunshine and fertile soil in large numbers allows more than one crop to be grown annually in the same land. Rice is the main crop of this farming, and others include maize, wheat, pulses, and oilseeds. This farming is spread in the thickly populated area of the monsoon regions. These regions are south, East Asia, and South East. 

 

  • Primitive subsistence Farming

 

This type of farming includes Shifting cultivation and nomadic herding. 

  • Shifting Cultivation – This type of cultivation spreads in densely forested areas like Amazon Basin, tropical Africa, northeast India, and Southeast Asia. Shifting cultivation is a quick regeneration of vegetation. In the Shifting cultivation process, the land is cleared by falling trees and burning them. Then the ash of the burning trees mixed with soil. This cultivation includes maize, yam, cassava, etc. The crops are grown in 2-3 years. After this process, farmers left out the land because the fertilizer of the soil decreases. Later, farmers move to the land to repeat the same process. This process is also called “slash and burn agriculture.” Shifting cultivation is known by various names in the world. Such as 
  • Jhumming – North East India 
  • Milpa – Mexico 
  • Roca – Brazil
  • Ladang – Malaysia

Shifting Cultivation mainly used industrial tractors for falling trees.  

  • Nomadic Herding – This type of farming is mainly done on the dry and semi-dry areas. Like Central Asia and some parts of India such as Rajasthan and J&K. In this process, herdsmen move from one place to another for feed and water. The animal used in this process is sheep, yak, goats, and camel. The products of this farming are milk, meat, and others. 

  1. Commercial Farming 

This farming is mainly done for the business. The crops are growing for sale in the market. Commercial farming requires high technology, high-cost tools, and large areas. 

There are two types of Commercial farming.

 

  • Commercial grain Farming

 

This farming consists of grains and winter season. In this farming, a single crop is grown at one time. This farming spread in North America, Europe, and Asia. These areas have a large population of farmers.  

 

  • Commercial mixed farming

 

Commercial mixed farming is done for growing foods and fodders crops. In this farming, more than one crop is developed together. It requires good rainfall and irrigation. The crops grow almost at the same duration. 

This type of farming requires fully organized tractors like Swaraj tractors. Which is perfectly used  for farming operations and transportations. 

We hope you enjoy this blog and now you get more information about farming. 

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