A passive electric device that moves the electric energy between one or more circuits is the Transformer. The movement of energy transfer is considered through electromagnetic induction. It has the feature of stepping up and down the voltage level as per the requirement of circuits.
The Need for transformers arises due to voltage problems. Low voltage is required for doorbells, toy trains, etc. While high voltage is required for Air conditioners and machinery. To balance the need for electric power transformers are introduced in varieties.
Single-phase transformer for residential requirements. Three-phase transformer for industrial requirements. To overcome the long-distance power supply problems too. Transformers are used to match the requirement of load and safety.
Types of Transformers and their working principle
In India, Different types of transformers and their working principle are designed as per the need and level of power required for the safety and continuity of their routines. Suman Electricals company offers electrical transformers, distribution transformers, power transformers, current transformers, insulated copper wires & strips, super enameled wires, and DPC aluminum and copper wires. However, Suman Electricals is the transformer manufacturer in India since 2004. Here, you got to know about the details of varieties and their principles.
1. Power Transformer
All transformers are machines and look similar. They are different from internal capacity. Power transformer is also one of them that looks like a machine. It is also named the static Electrical machine. These transformers are installed for generating power as well as for power transmission at different power stations.
Power transformers double as step-up and step-down transformers. To increase or decrease voltage level these transformers are necessarily used. They are also required between the two power stations for interconnection.
To Transfer power from one circuit to another circuit power transformers are capable of it in safety and fast mode. The Process of transforming is possible without changing the frequency in the power transformer.
Power Transformer Working Principles:
The nature of the Power transformer is static as they have no moving parts. They are used in the work of ac supply and principles of mutual induction. The power capacity of these transformers is 400kv, 200 kV, and 110 kV.
The Usage rating of the Power transformer is 200 MVA. These transformers are also used to generate the stations. It is operated decently and the fluctuation of the load is less. This transformer efficiency is high, as they can operate the B-H curve saturation point.
2. Distribution Transformer
A distribution transformer is used to transform the level of voltage at the end line to the end consumers through the machinery system. They are mostly and immediately used by end consumers for stepping down the voltage in distribution lines.
The distribution transformer has the most common core configuration of E-core kernels. These transformers are listed in one as popular and conventional transformers due to their types and best variants. They are known for their distribution network for lower voltages.
Distribution transformers are ideal for industrial and domestic purposes. They function comparatively less than full load. The flux density of these transformers is quite less than power transformers.
Distribution Transformer Working Principles:
➔ The Efficiency of the Distribution transformer is 50% to 70%, as they are designed for distribution.
➔ The Ratings available at Distribution transformers are 11kV, 6.6 kV, 3.3 kV, and 460 V.
➔ The Utilization of these transformer’s ratings is less than 200 MVA.
Distribution transformers are known for their end-to-end connectivity which is favorable for users to speed up and continue their work. Sometimes, there may be fluctuations in load which are high. The design of the core in the Distribution transformer for final voltage transformation. Suman Electricals is the best company for electrical and distribution transformer manufacturer and supplier.
Types of Distribution Transformer:
1. Single Phase transformer
Single-phase transformer accept single-phase power ac and output single-phase ac power. As the higher or lower level voltage energy is transferred from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction.
2. Three-phase transformer
Three phase transformer accepts three-phase electric power. It is a common method of alternating current power generation in which transmission and distribution are possible.
They are based on a poly-phase system. As they use a common method of the electric grid to transfer power worldwide.
3. Current Transformer
To produce output Current transformer in proportion to the flowing current through the primary winding. The result is a constant of the potential on the primary. These types of transformers are under the Instrumental transformer.
The Purpose of designing the current transformer in the secondary winding is to produce alternating current and primary portion current being measured. These transformers are quite different from ordinary voltage transformers.
Reduction in high voltage current at the lower value Current transformer is known and named firstly. They provide covenant safety and monitor the flow of electric current in the AC transmission line via a standard ammeter.
Current Transformer Working Principles:
➔ The current transformer’s working principle is to step up the voltage from the primary to the secondary level.
➔ They are known as Step up transformers. The level of current reduces from primary to secondary.
➔ The Supply of AC to the primary winding generation of alternating magnetic flux.
➔ While induced to the secondary winding.
➔ The resistance of the Load is really small.
➔ The Working of these transformers in short circuit conditions.
➔ The Current of secondary winding depends on the primary winding, not on load resistance.
4. Potential Transformer
Potential transformers are one of the categories of the instrument transformer. They are also known as Voltage transformers. The Ratio of measuring the Voltage ratio of these transformers is accurate.
Potential transformers are used to step down the voltage so that the safe limit value can easily measure ordinary low-voltage devices like voltmeters, watt meters, and watts- hour’s meters, etc. They are designed to drop the voltage circuit to lower voltage for detection.
Transfer of voltage from a higher value to a lower output is defined as a Potential transformer. The purpose of these transformers is to protect and measure the power system. They can increase or decrease the level of voltage in a circuit without making a change in frequency and windings.
Potential Transformer Working Principle:
● The primary section is attached to the high-voltage network.
● The secondary section is attached to a multi-meter.
● Two sides are joined magnetically and the operation is performed through electromagnetic induction.
● Detection of low voltage is detected at the secondary side, while voltage is to the primary section with the help of a voltmeter.
● On the secondary side small current moves and performs similarly to ordinary transformers with no or low power.
● Level of Voltage between 50 to 200 VA.
