Understanding the basics of the term “Sanitization”

Since childhood we may have come across the term “sanitization” but how many of us know what it actually means?

Maybe a handful of people might have the proper knowledge about sanitization. Most people confuse it with cleaning and disinfection. So, lets’ finish this confusion once and for all.

The term may not be new to us but in the recent scenario, its meaning may have changed for us. It was there but only recently have people started giving it its due prominence. Today it is not just important but a mandatory process for most of us.

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Sanitization has always been treated as a medical term often associated with hospitals and other medical facilities. After the Coronavirus struck us, sanitization became a routine that has to be followed by people of all age groups. Today, everyone from kindergarten kids to grandparents knows about this terminology.

When the world was hit by a pandemic, facing the unknown people had only good hygiene to protect themselves with. A defense mechanism against the deadly disease, sanitization has gained unprecedented popularity. So, lets’ take a closer look at what sanitization really means.

What is sanitization?

Let’s start with the most basic question; what one understands of the term sanitization. It is a process of cleaning a surface or a particular area so that, the bacteria or other microbes that can affect the human body and cause diseases, are cleared. It makes the area germ-free. There are two main types of sanitization.

• Hand sanitization is a simple process of cleaning one’s hands that may get infected with infectious germs after touching an infected surface.
• Surface sanitization is the procedure of killing or removing microbes from a particular area or thing. It can be anything such as vegetables, clothes, tables, and even water.

In straightforward words, sanitization is a process of eliminating harmful germs from the vicinity with the help of specific chemicals. The chemicals are measured and diluted in solvents or water to prepare a liquid that doesn’t cause harm to human beings. There are many methods to sanitize but they only work in specific contexts.

Cleaning & sanitization: What’s the difference?

People often confuse between cleaning and sanitizing as both are associated with the removal of dirt. Yes, they share somewhat similar procedures but the products used in the two processes are completely different from one another. While this is far from the truth. Cleaning is the stepping stone to sanitization, but just cleaning won’t suffice to sanitize. To understand the difference between the two let’s look at some of the key points.

Sanitization is often referred to as the deeper cleaning or cleaning on the next level. Cleaning is the first step that is associated with the removal of dust, dirt, and other impurities. Cleaning is normally considered a regular task that can be performed by anyone, but to conduct sanitization a person should have the right knowledge, expertise, and experience.

The products and equipment used for cleaning the surface and items are very basic and simple. The brooms, mops, and other such items are easily available. The cleaning methods are quite simple and easy. Sanitization is a bit more complicated than that. The chemical agents used for sanitizing the area are much more complex than those used in cleaning. People who don’t have proper knowledge about that may find it difficult to handle them.

The products used for sanitizing the surface differ according to the environment and micro-organisms they are dealing with. Using them in the wrong way can lead to disastrous effects. Cleaning just focuses on getting rid of dirt but sanitization is mostly about killing the pathogenic elements and viruses that can cause serious diseases.

Types of sanitization to choose from

In the market, you can find different types of sanitizing processes. It’s the central agent or the chemical that determines the processes one chooses. Different chemicals are used to treat varieties of bacteria, viruses, or other pathogenic microbes. To curb such micro-organisms, you can look at some of the popular sanitizing methods. Have a look.

• Chemical sanitization – use of chemicals compounds in destroying microbes that may cause diseases is chemical sanitization. Bleach (chlorine-based), quats, and iodine are some of the common ingredients of chemical sanitization.
• Antimicrobial sanitization – This is more of a sterilization method that includes the use of antimicrobial agents to get rid of bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microbes.
• Foam cleaning – This type of sanitization involves the use of a concentrated solution that increases the surface contact time. This is one of the most efficient and effective methods that ensure the safety of everyone in its presence.
• Thermal sanitization – using heat energy one can easily sanitize the food or surface. In this method, the food or surface is exposed to intense heat for a particular time. It involves the use of steam or hot water for a specific contact time and at the right temperature.
• Pressure cleaning sanitization – This method is used in sanitizing a large external surface. In this method, hot water is pressure water is combined with powerful chemical sanitizers to kill germs in an infected area.

The place, the type of work conditions, and other factors determine the type of sanitization one can use. The nature of the surface is also taken into account when deciding the sanitization method appropriate for the surface condition.

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Some of the sanitizing and disinfecting products

The market is full of items that are effective in sanitizing a surface. They can get rid of germs and bacteria effectively; you only need to know how to use them properly. Some of the commonly used sanitizers are:

• Iodine sanitizers
• Chlorine-based sanitizers
• Iodophors
• Quats
• Formaldehyde
• Phenolics
• Hydrogen peroxide, etc.

Now you know some of these are easily available in our house. All you need is proper knowledge about using them properly. Doing so will keep you and your family safe from getting sick. To maintaining a healthy environment just cleaning won’t do. You will have to take things one step ahead by getting sanitization and disinfection done occasionally. Let’s talk about disinfection some other time.