An inverter is an electrical device or circuit that converts DC to AC. The frequency of the obtained alternating current varies according to the specific equipment used. The inverter has the opposite operation to “converters,” which was a large electromechanical unit that converts alternating current into direct current.

Direct current is used in many small electrical appliances because it only generates direct current, such as solar powered pumps, electrical appliances, photovoltaic systems, power batteries, power supplies, and fuel cells.

The frequency, output voltage, and input voltage, and overall power processing vary according to the specific device or circuit design. The inverters don’t generate any electricity; power is supplied by a direct current source.

The main function of an inverter is to convert direct current into alternating current. Households and industries can be exchanged for public services. Otherwise, the AC grid and battery can only store DC power. In addition, almost all household appliances and other electrical devices can be operated with alternating current.

Sometimes, the input voltage is generally low as long as the output voltage is the same as the mains voltage of 120 V or 240 V (depending on the country / region). The inventers are stand-alone units for special purposes such as solar energy. The inverters have multiples available in the market depending on the switching waveform design. Inverters use DC power to provide the AC voltage that powers electrical and electronic devices.

UPS or uninterruptible power supplies generally use batteries to store energy. However, inverters are used to convert DC power to AC power to control or power an AC load. The combination of UPS and inverter forms a standard UPS on the market.

Working principle of an inverter

The working principle of an inverter is to convert direct current into alternating current. These devices generate electricity from a direct current source, so they do not generate electricity. It may not be usable in household appliances, e.g. B. when the DC voltage is low. Hence, as long as you are using solar panels, you can use the inverter for this reason.

Types of Inventers

The inverter has the following major types:

1) Single Phase Inverter

Single-phase or half-bridge inverters convert direct current into single-phase alternating current. For this purpose, two switching devices are used that convert direct current into alternating current. Diodes and capacitors help keep the circuit running smoothly.

Single-phase inverters can be divided into the following two types.

i) Half Bridge Inverter

Half-bridge inverters are an integral part of full-bridge inverters. It can consist of two switches; each capacitor contains a voltage of o / p equal to Vdc2. In addition, the switches are balanced against each other, and when one switch is activated the other is automatically deactivated.

ii) Full Bridge Inverter

The full bridge inverter circuit converts direct current into alternating current. This can be achieved by turning the correct set of switches on and off. This type of inverter has different operating conditions depending on which switch is closed.

2) Three-phase inverters

These are used to convert the DC input power to a three-phase AC output. Typically, all three arms are retarded through an angle of 120 ° to produce 3-phase alternating current. The inverter can be controlled and controlled in a proportion of 50% every T / 6 of the time T. The switches used in the inverter complement each other.

The single-phase three-phase inverter is connected to a similar DC power supply, and the pole voltage of the three-phase inverter is equal to the pole voltage of the single-phase half-bridge inverter. These inverters have two drive modes including 120 ° drive mode and 180 ° drive mode.

Applications of Inverter

The inverter uses for different applications such as: In office tiny car adapters, home applications, and large network systems.

  • The inverter can be used as an uninterruptible power supply for UPS
  • These can be used as independent investors
  • They can be used in photovoltaic systems.
  • Inverters are a basic component of SMPS switched-mode power supplies.
  • Can be used in centrifugal fans, pumps, mixers, extruders and test stands. Conveyors, weighing pumps. And network processing equipment.